The list of available dot-commands follows:. Ordinary SQL statements are free-form, and can be spread across multiple lines, and can have whitespace and comments anywhere. Dot-commands are more restrictive:. The arguments passed to dot-commands are parsed from the command tail, per these rules: Arguments are delimited by whitespace excluding newline ; Text bounded by a pair of single-quotes or double-quotes is treated as a single argument, with the quotes stripped.

Within a double-quoted argument, traditional C-string literal, backslash escape sequence translation is done. The dot-commands are interpreted by the sqlite3. You can use the ". The default output mode is "list". In list mode, each row of a query result is written on one line of output and each column within that row is separated by a specific separator string.

The default separator is a pipe symbol " ". List mode is especially useful when you are going to send the output of a query to another program such as AWK for additional processing. Use the ". For example, to change the separator to a comma and a space, you could do this:. The next ". So you will need repeat the ". In "quote" mode, the output is formatted as SQL literals. Strings are enclosed in single-quotes and internal single-quotes are escaped by doubling.

Blobs are displayed in hexadecimal blob literal notation Ex: x'abcd'. All columns are separated from each other by a comma or whatever alternative character is selected using ". In "line" mode, each column in a row of the database is shown on a line by itself. Each line consists of the column name, an equal sign and the column data.

Successive records are separated by a blank line. Here is an example of line mode output:. In column mode, each record is shown on a separate line with the data aligned in columns. In "column" mode and also in "box", "table", and "markdown" modes the width of columns adjusts automatically. But you can override this, providing a minimum width for each column using the ". The arguments to ". Negative numbers mean right-justify. A width of 0 means the column width is chosen automatically.

Unspecified columns widths become zero. Hence, the command ". The "column" mode is a tabular output format. Other tabular output formats are "box", "markdown", and "table":. Another useful output mode is "insert". Use insert mode to generate text that can later be used to input data into a different database. When specifying insert mode, you have to give an extra argument which is the name of the table to be inserted into. The sqlite3 program provides several convenience commands that are useful for looking at the schema of the database.

There is nothing that these commands do that cannot be done by some other means. These commands are provided purely as a shortcut. But the ". And it arranges its output into neat columns. The ". If the ". As with ". If you only want to see the schema for a single database perhaps "main" then you can add an argument to ". There will always be at least 2. The first one is "main", the original database opened. The second is "temp", the database used for temporary tables.

The first output column is the name the database is attached with, and the second result column is the filename of the external file. But ". When reporting suspected problems with the SQLite query planner to the SQLite development team, developers are requested to provide the complete ".

In its simplest form, the ". Use the name ":memory:" to open a new in-memory database that disappears when the CLI exits or when the ". If the --new option is included with ". Any prior data is destroyed. This is a destructive overwrite of prior data and no confirmation is requested, so use this option carefully. This will, of course, require a lot of memory if you have a large database. Also, any changes you make to the database will not be saved back to disk unless you explicitly save them using the ".

The --append option causes the SQLite database to be appended to an existing file rather than working as a stand-alone file. See the appendvfs extension for more information. The --zip option causes the specified input file to be interpreted as a ZIP archive instead of as an SQLite database file.

The --hexdb option causes the database to be content to be read from subsequent lines of input in a hex format, rather than from a separate file on disk. The "dbtotxt" command-line tool can be used to generate the appropriate text for a database. The --hexdb option is intended for use by the SQLite developers for testing purposes. We do not know of any use cases for this option outside of internal SQLite testing and development.

By default, sqlite3 sends query results to standard output. You can change this using the ". Just put the name of an output file as an argument to. Or use the. If the first character of the ". This makes it easy to pipe the results of a query into some other process. For example, the "open -f" command on a Mac opens a text editor to display the content that it reads from standard input. So to see the results of a query in a text editor, one could type:.

Thus, the command ". This is a quick way of sending the result of a query to a spreadsheet for easy viewing:. It does exactly the same thing. In interactive mode, sqlite3 reads input text either SQL statements or dot-commands from the keyboard. You can also redirect input from a file when you launch sqlite3, of course, but then you do not have the ability to interact with the program.

Sometimes it is useful to run an SQL script contained in a file entering other commands from the command-line. For this, the ". Upon reaching the end of the file, input reverts back to the keyboard. The script file may contain dot-commands, just like ordinary interactive input.

If the argument to ". Now create a folder called sqlite3 inside the C drive and copy the sqlite3. Basically that's all we have to do. It is not necessary to use. DB is the db file you want to convert and NEW. DB is the name of the converted file that will be created. What are the differences? Stack Overflow for Teams — Collaborate and share knowledge with a private group. Create a free Team What is Teams?

Collectives on Stack Overflow. Learn more. How to convert sqlite2 to sqlite3 and what are the differences between both versions? Ask Question. Asked 9 years, 10 months ago. Active 7 years, 7 months ago. If Windows Update failed to resolve the sqlite3. Please note that this final step is recommended for advanced PC users only. If none of the previous three troubleshooting steps have resolved your issue, you can try a more aggressive approach Note: Not recommended for amateur PC users by downloading and replacing your appropriate sqlite3.

Please follow the steps below to download and properly replace you file:. If this final step has failed and you're still encountering the error, you're only remaining option is to do a clean installation of Windows To avoid data loss, you must be sure that you have backed-up all of your important documents, pictures, software installers, and other personal data before beginning the process. If you are not currently backing up your data, you need to do so immediately. The installer's task is to ensure that all correct verifications have been made before installing and placing sqlite3.

An incorrectly installed EXE file may create system instability and could cause your program or operating system to stop functioning altogether. Proceed with caution.

You are downloading trial software. Subscription auto-renews at the end of the term Learn more. Download Sqlite3. Average User Rating. View Other sqlite3. What are sqlite3.